or lining. A lining intervention is carried out when the original canvas support of a painting has lost its support strength (whether by deterioration of the cellulose, large-size lacerations or rips, etc.). The operation consists in applying to the back of the original canvas one or more new canvases. The new or lining canvas is temporarily stretched onto a stretcher frame that is larger than the canvas (temporary stretcher). The entire intervention requires particular attention, ability and know-how; not only to insure good adhesion between the old and the new canvas, but also to guaranty stability and solidity to the work as a whole: the ground preparation, the pictorial film and the final varnish layer.