An unstandardised term used in the 19th century for carbon black pigments obtained from pyrolysed vegetable sources. Vine black, once synonymous with yeast black, has also been made from grapevines. Vine black did not have the intensity or tinting strength of lampblack or ivory black. It is listed among the pigments used for colouring stucco marble in the nineteenth and twentieth century. Synonyms: yeast black; grape black; kernel black; cork black; mare black; Spanish black. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston (2000); Wittenburg (1999). [J. Cassar, R. de Angelis]